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ca - Cataract |
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Photo courtesy of the pictures: The cataract chicken picture above: Deavers, M. & Barnes, J. DVM, North Carolina University. The cataract owl picture below is taken from davidlwilliams.org.uk. It seems to have bilateral cataracts. The second picture is a mature intumescent cataract in the right eye of a 12-year old diabetic American Eskimo dog. It is taken from www.vmcli.com. The Rabbit with cataract was taken from flikr.com posted by Olathe Animal Hospital in Olathe, KS. The Tiger with cataract eye picture is taken from tumblr.com posted by WITH 79 NOTES. Click on following pictures to enlarge them.
Although cataract in pigeons is also caused by variety of reasons, the hereditary cataracts in pigeons were first noticed by Carl Graefe in Show Racers. The only published data about cataracts in pigeons was reported by W.F. Hollander in the August 1958, American Pigeon Journal, Volume 47, page 248. The article was titled "Hereditary Cataracts in pigeons". This article dealt mainly in one family of Show Racers which were sent to Hollander by Graefe. According to Hollander the mutant is caused by a simple recessive gene, and therefore he proposed ca as the symbol. Hollander also reports that cataracts develops gradually, becoming obvious by the time the bird is sexually mature, and increasing to a complete inability to see more than darkness vs. light. Hollander said, young birds seemed normal, but cataract developed by maturity so that essential blindness resulted and the birds had to be fed in a bowl or cup. In addition, a less severe type of cataract has also been noted by Al Westling and others to occur in LFCL Tumblers occasionally (Hollander, Origins And Excursions In Pigeon Genetics, P.108-109).
Test results for hereditary cataract in Chickens, Turkeys, and Ducks proves that recessive sex-linked is the cause of this mutant. According to Hollander’s report however, it is a simple recessive gene in Pigeons. Although it sounds strange why pigeons would have this mutant in their autosomal chromosomes, we have to realize that pigeons have long been distinct from fowl - chickens, ducks, geese, pheasants, quails, partridges, and turkeys. Therefore, even if the hereditary pigeon cataract and those in other birds all came from the same original mutant, it is always possible that pigeons have undergone some chromosomal rearrangement over the course of evolution that moved it off the sex chromosome. References: 1. Bourne, M.C. & Pyke,
M. A. (1935). CCXVII. The Occurrence of Cataract in Rats Fed
on Diets Deficient in Vitamin B2. Department of Physiology
and Biochemistry, University College, London. Copyright January, 2013 by Arif Mümtaz. |
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